Reuben’s decision to take Bilhah, his father’s concubine, as his own wife was motivated by several factors, including cultural and familial dynamics. This is evident in the Book of Genesis, where an account of this incident is provided. Understanding the reasons behind Reuben’s actions requires a careful examination of the context and key biblical verses.
Firstly, it is essential to recognize that in ancient times, a man’s concubines were considered his property and could be inherited by his sons. We see an example of this in Genesis 35:22, which states, “While Israel was living in that region, Reuben went in and slept with his father’s concubine Bilhah, and Israel heard of it.” From this verse, it becomes clear that Bilhah was initially Jacob’s concubine, but Reuben claimed her as his own following his mother’s death.
Another aspect to consider is the issue of inheritance and the desire for Reuben to assert his position as the firstborn son. In the Hebrew culture, the firstborn held significant responsibilities and privileges, including an inheritance of a double portion of their father’s possessions. Reuben’s actions can be seen as an attempt to assert his leadership and inherit the rights and privileges typically reserved for the firstborn.
Moreover, another possible motive for Reuben’s decision could stem from his disappointment or frustration with his father. In Genesis 37:33, we read that when Joseph’s brothers deceived Jacob into thinking he was dead, Jacob mourned for a long time. This may have further strained Reuben’s relationship with his father, leading him to take what he saw as his rightful claim—a concubine, albeit not in the most honorable manner.
However, it is crucial to highlight that Reuben’s actions were in direct violation of God’s law. Leviticus 18:8 firmly states, “Do not have sexual relations with your father’s wife; that would dishonor your father.” By taking Bilhah, Reuben not only dishonored his father Jacob but also broke God’s commandment. This disobedience may have led to further consequences in his life, as we later find that the blessings of the firstborn were transferred to Joseph (1 Chronicles 5:1-2).
Reuben’s decision also indicates a wider issue within Jacob’s family. The narrative of taking concubines and wives from within the same household had been introduced by Rachel and Leah (Genesis 30:1-13). Reuben’s actions were likely influenced by this pattern, with the intermingling of wives and concubines being acceptable within the cultural norms of the time.
In conclusion, Reuben’s decision to take Bilhah, his father’s wife, was driven by a combination of cultural practices, familial dynamics, a desire for inheritance, and potential frustrations with his father Jacob. However, although Reuben’s actions can be analyzed within the context of the culture and times, they ultimately stand in direct disobedience to God’s commandments. It serves as a reminder of the significance of honoring and respecting familial relationships, and the repercussions that can result from disregarding God’s laws.
Bible Topics 